THE TABLET.

A W eek ly N ew sp a p er a n d R e v ie w .

DÜM VOBIS GRATOLAMDR, ANIMOS ETIAM ADDIMÜS ÜT IN INCCEPTIS VBSTRIS CONSTANTER MANBAT1S.

From the Brief of His Holiness Pius IX. to The Tablet, June 4, 1870.

V o l . 85. No. 2868.

L ondon, A pril 27, 1895.

Pr,ce Sd. by Po6t m

[R e g is t e r ed a t t h e G en e r a l P o st O f f i c e a s a N ew spaper

CONTENTS .

C hronicle of t h e W e e k :

Liberalism and Liberty of ConPage

) L eaders (Continued) :

Page

Imperial Parliament: Installation of the New Speaker—The New Factories Bill— Tuesday’s Sitting — Wednesday’s Sitting — ByeElections : Unionist Victories — Japan and China— Terms of Peace — British Demands at Nicaragua — State of Feeling of other South American Republics — Confirmation from the Foreign Office—1 he Condition o f th e Garrison a t Chitral—The List of Casualties— Railway Rates and British Agriculture— The Case for the Farmer —The Banca Romana Scandals— English Touristsand Irish Scenery — Primrose Day— The Duke of Westminster on Voluntary Education-—France and Madagascar-— The New First-Class Cruisers . . 637 L e a d e r s :

Pope Leo to the English . . . . 641

science in Rome . . . . . . 642 E d u c a t io n Manifesto b y t h e

Catholic Bishops . . . 643 Anglican O r d e r s ............................643 N o t e s . . — 647 Catholic Employment Association 648 R eview s :

Life After D e a t h ........................... 64Q Sherborne.. _ . . . . . . 649 Two Anthologies . . . . t . . 650 Catholic Truth Society Publica­

tions . . . . .• •• 650 Books of the W eek.. . • . • 651 The Pope and the International

Geographical Congress . . . . 651 Russian Feast of the Dead .. . . 651 C orrespondence :

Rome :— (From Our Own Corre­

spondent) .......................................653 News from Ireland . . — —654

L e t t e r s t o t h e E d it or :

A Slip .................................... 656 Monument to Jeanne d ’Arc at

Page

Vaucouleurs . . .. . . 656 A Crying Necessity . .. 6‘ 6 Goring-on-Thames . . . . 656 Catholics and Armenian “ Atro­

cities”

. . . . . . 657

St. Joseph ^ . . . . . . 657 The Crucifixion Altar at the

Servite Church . . . . . . 657 Father Bernard Vaughan’s Lectures in Reply to the Bishop of Manchester on Roman Claims .. 657 The Press on the Encyclical .. 661 The Jesuits in the Northern Ter­

ritory ,. . . . . . . . . 663 Foreign Catholic Periodicals .. 664 Social a n d P o l it ic a l . . ... 666

SU PPLEM ENT. The Pope’s Letter to the English

People . . . . . . . . 669

N ew s from t h e S chools :

T h e B i rm in g h am Cathedral

S c h o o l s ......................... . . 672 The Education Department Snub­

bed by the Newcastle School Board . . . . . . . . 672 School Board Bumbledom . . 672 More About What Boys Read . . 672 Hull School Board Election . . 673 St. Joseph’s College, Dumfries . . 673 Stonyhurst Law Classes . . 673 The Totnes G u a r d ia n s and

Catholic Children . . . 673

N ew s from t h e D io ceses :

Clifton .. .. . . . . 673 Hexham and Newcastle . . . . 6 7 4 Leeds .. . . . . . . 674 Newport and Menevia . . . . 674 Shrewsbury . . . , . . . . 664 St. Andrews and Edinburgh . . 665 Aberdeen . . . . . . . . 665

Rejected MS. cannot be returned unless accompanied with address and postage.

CHRONICLE OF THE WEEK.

■----------- ♦ ----------

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

— INSTALLATION OF THE NEW SPEAKER. O ’

N Monday the House of Lords met for the purpose of signifying the Queen’s assent to the selection of Mr. William Court

Gully as Speaker of the House of Commons. The Lord Chancellor and four other peers were the Royal Commissioners, and Mr. Gully, being summoned to the bar, heard her Majesty’s confirmation and approval of the choice the elected Chamber had made. The Speaker expressed his humble duty and submission to the Sovereign, and their lordships afterwards adjourned for a week. In the House of Commons members met, after the Easter recess, and in due form the ratification by the Queen of Mr. Gully’s appointment was made known. The Speaker, assuming the full robes of office, repeated his respectful acknowledgments of the honour conferred upon him and the confidence reposed in him, and renewed the assurance of his entire devotion to the service of the House. A message from the Queen was afterwards read by Sir William Harcourt announcing that her Majesty would be graciously pleased to confer a signal mark of Royal favour on the late Speaker.

— THE NEW FACTORIES

BILL.

The Second Reading of the Factories and Workshops Bill was formally moved by the Home Secretary, and the discussion of its numerous points of detail was carried on during the remainder of the sitting. On both sides of the House the Bill was criticized in a friendly spirit, there not being a single provision of it which did not give rise to some suggestion, either for its enlargement or restriction. Mr. Asquith said, with reference to overcrowding, that the figure of two hundred and thirty cubic feet, which had been taken, was the irreducible minimum compatible with health and the decent conditions of work. The Clause prohibiting young persons, who were not merely children, from taking part in the cleaning of machinery in motion was, in his judgment, absolutely necessary. It had been urged that the “ Particulars Clause ” only applied to textile industries, but it was worthy of consideration whether power should not be given to the Home Secretary to extend the Clause o non-textile industries also. As to the Clause dealing

New Series, Vol LIII., No 2,177.

with bake-houses, he said it would be a difficult thing to interfere with existing underground bake-houses, but he would propose a clause in Committee prohibiting that any underground premises should come into existence as bakehouses in future, and he believed that such a clause would be added to the Bill with general assent. A protest had been made against the transfer by the A c t of 1891 of sanitary responsibility, in respect o f workshops, from the central to the local authorities; but he was not prepared to revert to the pre-existing state of things. In reference to overtime, his own strong disposition was to prohibit overtime altogether, or to try to do s o ; but he was satisfied if he had made such a proposal he would not have procured the assent ot a majority of the House to it. He had gone as far as he thought was practicable in prohibiting overtime in the case of young persons, and in reducing the overtime now allowed in the case of seasoned trades. The limitation of hours of labour for women engaged in the textile trades was a compromise between the extreme views on both sides, and as such he hoped it would receive general acceptance. With reference to laundries, the position of the Government was that, wherever a laundry was carried on for profit, it ought to be brought within the scope of the Bill, and wherever machinery was used the same precautions ought to be required as were demanded in the case of factories ; while it was equally clear that the hours of labour should not exceed the maximum allowed by the Bill. H e concluded by remarking that he would welcome with satisfaction and gratitude any practicable suggestion which should come from any quarter. Mr. Buxton, in the course of his reply, said, with reference to raising the age for child labour from eleven to twelve years, that the Government were in the hands o f the House, and, if an amendment were moved in Committee to raise the age to twelve years, and it met with the general assent o f the House, the Government would not oppose it. Mr. Matthews objected to the provision putting restrictions on the labour of adult women, and also to the application of the provisions o f the Factories A ct to laundries. The Bill was then read a second time, and, on the motion of Mr. Asquith, it was, after a division, referred to the Grand Committee on Trade by 67 to 27.

Sir W. Harcourt, in the House of Commons,

— Tuesday’s submitted a resolution, providing for an annuity s ittin g . of ¿£4,000 to Mr. Peel, the late Speaker. Mr.

Keir Hardie proposed to reduce the amount to ¿£1,000, on the ground that members should not be