THE TABLET. ■i A. Weekly Newspaper and Review.

DOM VCBIS GRATULAMUR, ANIMOS BTIAM ADDIMOS OX IN INCCEPTIS VBSTRIS CONSTANTER MANEAT1

F rom the B r ie t oj H is H o lin ess P iu s IX . to The Tablet, June 4, 1870.

V ol. 84. No. 2827. L o n d o n , J u l y 14, 1894. p e,ce 5d. by post 5 } id.

[Registered a t th e General P ost Office as a N ewspaper

C hronicle of th e W eek :

Page

The Eight Hours Bill— The Immigration of Aliens : Lord Salisbury’s Bill—Mr. Balfour on the D an g e rs of Democracy — The Strike Riots in America—Penny Postage to America — F ren ch 5 Legislation Against the Anar­ chists— The Lord Chief Justice

—The Ottawa Conference— Mr. Gladstone and Midlothian—The Mail Contract—The Departure of .the Polar E x p ed i t io n — The Transvaal—Railway Disaster in Spain — A French Explorei on the Value of Africa—The Wine Trade—The Money Market .. 41 "Headers :

Anglicans on Holy Scripture .. 45 The Italian Press on Anarchists 4-7 A Tudor Favourite .. .. 48 The Old British Church .. .. 48

C O N T

' N otes . . ........................................ 50

Page

R eviews :

Reports of State Trials .. .. 51 De M^neval’s Napoleon .. .. 53 The First Divorce of Henry VIII. 54 Books of the Week .. .. 55 Catholic Union of Great Britain .. 55 Obituary ........................................ 55 C orrespondence :

Rome :—(From Our Own Corre­

spondent) .. .. .. .. 57 News from Ireland........................58 L etters to the E d itor :

The Inverted Image on the Retina 59 “ A Living Cathedral” .. .. 60 St. Anselm’s Society .. .. 61

E N T S .

Letters to th e E ditor (Con­

Page tinued) : A Danger in Disguise .. .. 61 Payment in Churches .. .. 61 The British Ambassador and Eng­

lish Colleges in Rome .. .. 6t A Poor Mission in Danger . . 6r The Greek Church .. .. 61 The Beaumont Union . . . . 61 The Bishop of Clifton in Bath . . 62 Old Oscott College .. .. . . 63 Testimonial to Sir Stuart Knill, Bart. 64 The Catholic Association .. .. 65Manitoba Catholic School Appeal.. 66 School Libraries .. .. 67 How Father John Vaughan Preached to Our Non-Catholic Brethren on the Lake of Thun .. .. .. 67

N ews from th e D ioceses : Westminster . . . . ... 68

Hexham and Newcastle .. .. 68 Glasgow .. .. .. . . 68 Social and P olitical . . . . 69

SUPPLEMENT. N ews from th e Schools :

Christian Teaching in P u b l ic

Elementary Schools .. .. 73 The M e t ro p o l i ta n Catholic

I a e

Teachers’ Association .. .. 75 Elementary Education in 1893 .. 75 The Jubilee of Ratcliffe College 76 St. Basil’s, Hampstead .. .. 77 School Board Finance .. .. 77 A Fatal Object-Lesson .. . . 77 Fagging in Board Schools .. 77 The Economy of the School Board 77 Compulsory Education and Brain

Diseases .. .. .. .. 77 Mother Francis Raphael Drane,

O.S.D., as a Hymn-Writer .. 78 Novena to Our Lady of Mount

Carmel .. .. .. ..73

”% * Rejected MS. cannot be returned unless accompanied with address and postage.

CHRONICLE OF THE WEEK.

I N regard to the Eight Hours Bill, a strong body of the supporters o f the „ ° \ ■ .u r-l 11 BILL Government are urging the Chancellor o f the Exchequer to refuse any facilities for the Bill. They have told him that the measure will be •strongly resisted, and that to carry it through Committee by ■ use of Government time would put a great strain on their allegiance to the Ministry. They contend that the principle o f the Bill has never been adequately discussed, and that it will be necessary in Committee to debate all the questions which it raises at great length. The opponents of the Bill •ridicule the idea that two or three sittings will be sufficient for the Committee stage. Mr. Bousfield will move an amendment to the Bill, providing for the establishment of a Board in every mining district, composed o f equal numbers o f representatives of employers and miners, and of one other person to be chosen by these representatives. This Board is to classify the mines according to the time occupied by the miner in reaching and returning from his work. Mr. Bousfield proposes to move a Schedule to the Bill fixing the •number of hours in accordance with this classification, the ■ minimum being eight and the maximum ten hours.

The Bill introduced into the House of the immigration L or(j s by the Marquis o f Salisbury with 's a l i s b u r y *s~b i l l . regard to aliens has been issued, and con­

sists of eight short clauses. The first part

■ empowers her Majesty by Order in Council to designate certain ports as “ regulated.” A t these ports a Board of Trade inspector may board any vessel carrying immigrant passengers, and prohibit the landing of any alien who, in his opinion, is “ either an idiot, insane, a pauper, a person likely to become a public charge, or a person suffering from any dangerous, contagious, or infectious disease.” Such alien is to be sent back to the port whence he came at the cost of the owner o f the vessel which brought him. The second part deals with dangerous foreigners, and empowers one of the principal Secretaries o f State— or in Ireland the Chief Secretary, and in Scotland the Secretary for that country-— whenever he “ shall have reason to believe that

New Series. V ol. LII,, No. 2,136.

for the preservation of the peace and tranquillity of any part o f this realm, or for the prevention of crime within or without the dominions of her Majesty, it is expedient to remove from the realm any alien who may be in it,” to issue an order to such alien, or, if personal service be impossible, to publish it in The London Gazette, directing the alien to depart this realm within a certain specified time. Wilful refusal or neglect to obey such order is made by the Bill a misdemeanour, carrying with it not more than one month’s imprisonment for the first offence, and not more than twelve months for second and subsequent offences. A clause exempts from the operation o f the Bill Ambassadors, Ministers, and persons belonging to their diplomatic, personal, and domestic establishments, as well as aliens under fourteen years of age.

Under the auspices o f the Women’s mr. balfour on Libeml Unionist Association, a meeting democracy. was 'lu‘d on I uesday at the River House,

Chelsea Embankment, to discuss the sub­

ject of “ proportional representation.” Miss Spence, o f Australia, opened the discussion. Mr. A. J. Balfour also addressed the meeting. H e said he did not believe that there was a single man of real talent for politics who had ever found himself for long excluded from the political arena by the difficulty of finding a constituency to elect him. The evil from which we suffered, or might suffer, was this : that men when they were elected did not feel themselves in a position o f sufficient independence in Parliament to do more than merely act as the mouthpiece o f a certain section of their constituencies. The double danger we had to avoid was that,after a man had been elected a member of Parliament, he should become a mere machine ; and, on the other hand, electing a member who would feel himself so independent of party ties that a system of party government would become impossible. These were the dangers which, he thought, lay in the wake o f future developments o f democracy in this country. It was of great importance to bring before the imagination o f their countrymen the fact that our so-called system o f representation left unrepresented a very large number even of those who had vo te s ; and undoubtedly it might be possible that the time would arrive when they would feel that what he might term the “ machine ” was so driving the individuality and courage out of those whom the constituencies had sent to represent them, that practically Parliament would not consist o f a series o f comparatively independent individuals attempting to do the work of the country, but of a series of mindles