THE TABLET.

A Weekly Newspaper an d Review .

OUM VOBIS GRATULAMUR, ANIMOS ETIAM ADDIMÜS ÜT IN INCCEPTIS VESTRIS CONSTANTER MANEAT»S.

From the B r i e f oj H is Holiness P iu s IX . to T h e T a b l e t , June 4, 1&70.

V o l . 92. No. 3035.

L o n d o n , J uly 9, I 8 ^ 8 .

P r ic e s d ., b y P o s t sJ£d.

[R e g i s t e r e d a t t h e G e n e r a l P o s t O f f i c e a s a N ew s p a p e r .

C h r o n ic le o f t h e W e e k Page

Imperial Parliament.: The New Member for Durham—The’Financial Relations Question — Mr. L ecky ’s V iew s— The Chancellor o f the Exchequer’s Reply—The Second D ay ’s Debate—M r. Balfour’s Rejoinder— The Prosperous and the Poor— The Welsh CoalStrike— Lord Rosebery and the Eire Brigade— The Policy o f the N ew Italian M in istry—The War — The Spanish Fleet Destroyed— Reception of the News in America — The.Loss o f a French Liner— Dervish Movements in the Soudan 41 L e a d e r s :

Spain’s Opportunity for Peace . . 45 The Congo Railw ay . . . . 46 F ra Girolamo Savonarola.. . . 47

CONTENTS

Albanian Historical Society N o t e s . . . . « — R ev ie w s :

Page • 50 ■ 51

A_Literary History o f India Lives o f the Saints.. The Cathedral Sonnets on the Sonnet The Roman Martyrology England and America C o r r e s p o n d e n c e :

Rome (From Our Own Corre­

spondent) . . ... _ — 57 News from Ireland _ _ 58 News from France . . . . . . 59 News from America . . . . 59 The Pope and Prebendary Miller 60 L e t t e r t o t h e K d it o r :

Bishop Milner and “ A Candle" 61 The Ritual Controversy . . . . 61

Page

St. George’s Cathedral, Southwark 63 A t Oxford in the Thirties . . The Lisbonian Society Edmundian Association A Catholic Missionary on the Sierra

Leone Troubles July Reviews and Magazines Singular Matrimonial C a se . . Bequests to the Church in Australia Books of the Week O b i t u a r y ......................................... S o c ia l a n d P o l i t i c a l

SU P P L EM E N T . N ew s from t h e Schools :

Irish National Teachers and the

Treasury . . The London School Board Budget Sir John Gorst and Voluntary

Schools

74

N ew s from t h e S chools (Com tinued): Association of School Boards Irish National Teachers’ Pension

Fund ......................... Education of the D eaf and Dumb in Ireland . . A Schoolboy and _Shamrock A Huge Terrestrial Globe Dowanhill T r a i n i n g College,

Glasgow . . . . . .

N ew s from t h e D io c e se s : Westminster

Page

74 74 7t 75 75

. . 75

75

Birmingham.. .............................. 75 Clifton . . . . . . ..76 Nottingham ................................... 76 Shrewsbury . . . . ..76 Newport . . . . . . ..76 Glasgow . . . . ... — 76 Catholic Guardians’ Association . . 76

Rejected MS. cannot be rehirned unless accotnpanied with address and postage.

CHRONICLE OF THE WEEK.

¡IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT :

THE NEW MEMBER

FOR DURHAM.

L '

O U D Ministerial cheers greeted the Hon. A . R . D . E llio t as he entered the House to take the oath as the representative o f the

C ity o f Durham, a seat to which he had been elected last week, in place of the late Mr. Matthew Fowler, by a majority o f 65. Mr. E llio t’s return represents a victory for the Unionists, his predecessor, Mr. Fowler, having beaten him in the contest o f 1895 by a majority o f three. Mr. Hugh Fenwick Boyd, Q .C ., the Liberal candidate, was seized with illness on the day o f the poll. H e had to retire to nis hotel, where, we regret to say, he became rapidly worse and died a day or two afterwards.

—TUE

T h e debate on the financial relations between Great Britain and Ireland question.

was introduced on Monday by a wellorganized demonstration o f Irish mem­

bers who rose one by one and announced themselves as the bearers o f petitions praying for a favourable consideration o f the matter by the House. When questions had been disposed of, Mr. J. Redmond m o v ed : “ That the disproportion between the taxation o f Ireland and its taxable capacity, as compared with the other parts o f the K ingdom , disclosed by the findings o f the Royal Commission, constitutes a grievance, and demands the early attention o f the Government, with a view to proposing a remedy.” H e made this motion not at the request of a section or party, but o f a Conference representing every political party in Ireland, for since the A c t o f Union there had been no great public question on which Irish opinion had been so united. A Royal Commission had declared that Ireland had been annually over-taxed to the sum o f nearly ^3,000,000, and in spite o f a dwindling population taxation was still increasing. T h e actual taxable revenue o f Ireland was only about one-eleventh that of Great Britain, while her relative taxable capacity was no more than onetwentieth. Ireland had a right to separate financial treatment by the Seventh Article o f the Treaty o f the Union. Irishmen, therefore, had a grievance which clamoured for

N e w S e r i e s V q l . LX.. No. 2.344.

redress, and passionately as he pleaded for the favourable consideration of his country’s claim, he would, had he been an Englishman in favour o f the Union, have urged the case with a still more passionate anxiety.

There was an influx o f members when it

— mr. l e c k y ’s was known that Mr. L ecky had risen from view s. the Unionist side o f the House to second this motion. H e believed that there was,

as the motion stated, a great disproportion relatively between the taxation o f Great Britain and Ireland, and the disparity between the indirect taxation o f the two countries was a growing one. Among the causes of this disparity he set down Free Trade, which had benefited manufacturing to the detriment of agricultural districts, the fiscal changes o f 1853, the temperance movement, and the increased expenditure on naval armament. I f they took the period from 1819 to 1893, they would find, in spite of the enormous aggregate taxation in the Empire, English taxation had fallen from jQ 3 10s. 3d. to £ 2 4s. io d ., whilst Irish taxation had risen from 14s. sd. to 8s . rod. English taxation had thus largely diminished, and Irish taxation, i f measured by the head, had absolutely doubled. H e did not think matters were by any means so bad now as in the period of the sixties, H e thought Sir W. Harcourt’s death duties had done something to mitigate the matter, for they had thrown a very large proportion of the taxation o f the Empire on those exceedingly large incomes which could hardly be said to exist in Ireland. T h ey owed a considerable debt to the Chancellor o f the Exchequer for the reduction he was making in the lower forms of tobacco, which were used in Ireland probably to a much greater extent, according to their means, than in England. T h e remedy was not, he felt sure, to be found in differentiation of taxation, and cheap whisky would be a bad thing for Ireland. H e fully admitted that it was impossible to exempt Ireland from taxes, or to tax her at a different rate from England, but he contended that Ireland had a claim for special treatment from the Consolidated Fund.

— t h e c h a n c e l l o r

OF THE e x c h e q u e r ’s r e p l y .

Sir M ichael Hicks-Beach next rose to oppose the motion. H is speech was singularly clear and vigorous and he put his finger on the fallacy which underlay Mr. Redm ond’s case, by pointing out that in his comparison of taxation he left individuals and took refuge in the aggregate. T h e Commissioners had not given any answers to several questions upon which they had Ween